Duży vs mały ZUS 2026: PLN 0, 456.18 or 1,926.76 a month?

Social ZUS is PLN 0 for up to 6 months of ulga na start, PLN 456.18 for the next 24 months, then PLN 1,926.76 incl. sickness and FP/FS. Health is separate.

How much should you set aside for ZUS each month? For a Polish sole proprietorship, the answer depends on your eligibility for relief and your tax method. In the standard situation described below, social contributions may start at zero during ulga na start, move to PLN 456.18 at the preferential minimum, and later reach PLN 1,926.76 including the labour and solidarity funds. Health insurance is additional; the paid examples include voluntary sickness insurance and assume a 1.67% accident rate.

The 24-month preferential basis and Mały ZUS Plus are different schemes. There is no separate revenue ceiling for the 24-month preference; that does not remove its other eligibility conditions.

Three stages of contributions

Stage	Social contributions / mo	Health / mo.*	Total / mo
Start relief Months 1–6	0 zł	498,35 zł	498,35 zł
Preferential ZUS Months 7–30	456,18 zł	498,35 zł	954,53 zł
Full ZUS Months 31+	1926,76 zł	498,35 zł	2425,11 zł

1. Start-up relief

You do not pay social security contributions from your business for a maximum of 6 full calendar months. You pay health insurance premiums.

If you start your business during the month, this partial month is generally not included in the six full months of relief.

2. Preferential social contributions

After start-up relief, you can pay contributions for 24 full calendar months from a base of at least 30% of the minimum wage.

In 2026:

minimum salary: PLN 4,806,
minimum preferential basis: PLN 1,441.80,
social contributions including voluntary sickness insurance: PLN 456.18 per month, assuming the minimum basis and a 1.67% accident rate,
without voluntary sickness insurance: PLN 420.86.

The health insurance premium is paid separately.

3. Standard social contributions

The minimum basis for standard contributions in 2026 is PLN 5,652, i.e. 60% of the forecast average salary of PLN 9,420.

At a typical accident rate of 1.67%:

social contributions with voluntary sickness insurance, excluding the labour and solidarity funds (FP and FS): approximately PLN 1,788.29,
labour and solidarity funds (FP and FS), combined: PLN 138.47,
total social contributions with sickness insurance and FP/FS: approximately PLN 1,926.76 per month.

The amount may vary if the payer applies a different accident insurance rate or takes advantage of an applicable FP/FS exemption.

The health insurance premium is separate

Start-up relief and preferential contributions do not automatically reduce health insurance premiums.

In 2026, the lump-sum monthly health insurance contribution is:

PLN 498.35 - for annual revenue up to PLN 60,000,
PLN 830.58 - after exceeding PLN 60,000 to PLN 300,000,
PLN 1,495.04 - after exceeding PLN 300,000.

For the tax scale, health insurance is calculated at 9% of the relevant income; for flat income tax, the rate is generally 4.9%, subject to a minimum contribution. Do not confuse a tax-deduction limit with a cap on what you owe. Ryczałt bands use revenue, not profit; confirm the relevant statutory adjustments and annual reconciliation with your accountant.

For the start-date calculation and registration sequence, see ZUS start-up relief.

Who can benefit from start-up relief and preferential ZUS

The basic conditions are similar:

you have not conducted non-agricultural activities for the last 60 calendar months before starting a new business,
you do not perform the same activities for your former employer as you performed for him as an employee in the current or previous calendar year.

The details depend on your previous activity and any other grounds for insurance, such as employment. If you have any doubts, ask ZUS to confirm your eligibility before choosing an insurance code.

Which forms do you submit?

Use the registration form for the insurance you need. DRA is a contribution settlement declaration, not an application for relief.

In a typical case:

during start-up relief, you register for health insurance under ZUS ZZA,
when switching to social security contributions, you deregister the previous code and register using ZUS ZUA where both social and health insurance apply,
ZUS DRA is a settlement document.

The appropriate insurance title code depends on the stage and individual situation.

Preferential contributions and Mały ZUS Plus

These are two different reliefs.

Preferential ZUS:

maximum 24 months,
basis of at least 30% of the minimum wage,
no separate income limit for using this preference.

Mały ZUS Plus:

may be available after the preferential period,
depends, among other things, on the revenue from the previous year and the number of days of running the business,
the contribution base depends on income,
has its own time limits and exclusions.

More: Maly ZUS Plus in 2026.

Should you choose voluntary sickness insurance?

Sickness insurance is voluntary for entrepreneurs who meet the conditions for joining it. Benefits depend on statutory eligibility, including any required qualifying period.

Just paying the premium does not automatically mean you are entitled to every benefit from day one.

The most common mistakes

Confusing preferential contributions with Mały ZUS Plus.
Assuming a non-existent income limit for the 24-month preference.
Skipping the health insurance premium during the start-up relief.
Reporting using the wrong code or form.
Ignoring the former-employer restriction when the work is the same as in your employment.
Omitting the labour and solidarity funds when comparing standard contributions.

FAQ

Does the start-up relief include health insurance premiums?

No. The exemption applies to social contributions from business activities, not health insurance contributions.

Does the preferential ZUS have an income limit?

It should not be confused with Mały ZUS Plus. There is no separate income limit for 24-month preferential contributions.

Can I opt out of the relief?

Yes. Start-up relief is a right, not an obligation. However, opting out affects your premiums and future benefits.

Do I always switch to standard ZUS after 30 months?

Not always. You can check your entitlement to Mały ZUS Plus or the rules for overlapping insurance sources, but these are separate rules.

What is the minimum health insurance premium in 2026?

On the tax scale and flat tax the premium is 9% or, generally, 4.9% of income, but not less than PLN 432.54 per month from February 2026 to January 2027. For January 2026 the minimum was still PLN 314.96. On the lump-sum tax the amount depends on revenue: PLN 498.35, PLN 830.58 or PLN 1,495.04.

I run a business and hold an employment contract. Do I pay these contributions from the business?

If your employment guarantees at least the minimum wage (PLN 4,806 in 2026), you pay no social contributions from the business; your employer collects them from your salary. The health premium is always due from both titles. If your employment pays less than the minimum wage, standard social contributions from the business return.

What is the deadline for filing ZUS ZUA?

Within 7 days of the insurance obligation arising, for example from the day you start the business. The same deadline matters for sickness insurance: a ZUA including voluntary sickness insurance filed within the 7 days is effective from the day the obligation arose, not from the filing date.

Legal basis and sources

Ask Oxyok about accounting for your Polish JDG. We communicate in English and Polish. Send your business start date, tax method, current insurance code and any employment or overseas insurance details. We can establish which documents are needed to prepare your contribution calculation. Do not send passwords. You can also email Paweł.